Spices are food additives of plant origin. They are essentially various parts of plants, stems, inflorescences, buds, roots, seeds, fruits and parts thereof (bark, pericarp, skin). The aroma and flavour of spices is due to their natural content of flavourings and aromatic substances. These are usually found in what is known as essential oil.
They have long been important throughout the world. Evidence of the use of spices and herbs has been found in Neolithic caves and graves. Trade was also already taking place, as many of the spices of that time were found far away from their natural growing areas.
The first Asian spice plants reached Europe during the Bronze Age via the Silk Road and later also by sea.
With the Crusades, spices became a luxury good reserved for the upper classes. Prices continued to rise, so that by the 15th century, spice prices had increased many times over. New trade routes were intended to simplify imports, reduce prices and circumvent the market power of traders. This marked the beginning of the Age of Discovery and the heyday of the European spice trade.
With Vasco da Gama's discovery of the sea route to India, competition for spices, money and power began. This discovery made Portugal a world power.
Fernando Magellan also set out into the world to find a suitable route to the Indian spice islands. Once there, he was impressed by the effect of the diverse, aromatic and exotic spices.
Since the 19th century, spices have been affordable for everyone in Europe. They have become a commodity for the masses. Today, spices are used daily in private households: rosemary for potatoes, pepper for steak, saffron for rice dishes, cinnamon for Christmas baking or caraway for bread. We all use spices when baking and cooking.
Many consumers are becoming increasingly interested in a healthy lifestyle, conscious nutrition and slow food. This trend is also leading to a rise in home cooking and baking. The aim is not only to eat healthily, but also to enjoy tasty food. This is driving demand for aromatic and varied spices.
Between 2013 and 2017, there was an average annual growth of 6.60% in spice imports in Europe. The market will continue to expand in the future. By 2025, the European spice market is expected to have a market volume of USD 8.45 billion. Annual growth of 4.33% is expected in the forecast period between 2020 and 2025. (Market Report for Spices and Seasonings in Europe | Size, Share, Growth & Trends (2022-27) (mordorintelligence.com).
Not only are consumption and sales increasing, but the product range is also growing. Whereas a few years ago only individual spices could be found on the shelves, there are now more and more spice blends. Their ease of use makes it easier for consumers to prepare delicious food.
Even if food is not produced in-house, spices are contained in almost every ready-made food product. Oregano can be found in popular frozen pizzas and parsley in instant soups.
All these spices must meet the highest quality standards in order to satisfy consumers. A crucial step in production is the ideal blending of the spices.
